Clinical-Epidemiological Characteristics of Gestational Syphilis in a Population from Baja California, Mexico

Abstract

Objective: To determine the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of gestational syphilis in a population from Baja California, Mexico. Methods: Retrospective study of a database of pregnant women with a diagnosis of gestational syphilis assigned to the Deconcentrated Attached Operation Body of Baja California of the Mexican Social Security Institute in the period 2019-2022. 128 records of pregnant women with a diagnosis of gestational syphilis were selected through census-type non-probabilistic sampling, of which 33 records were excluded due to incomplete information. The variables studied were: sociodemographic, clinical and treatment. Results: A sample of 95 patients with a diagnosis of gestational syphilis was integrated. The following predominated: secondary education (57.9%), single marital status (67.4%). The disease was detected in 63.2% of the patients during the first trimester of pregnancy; the treatment received was with penicillin. Conclusions: Detection and treatment of syphilis in early pregnancy is associated with a lower incidence of congenital syphilis, preterm birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, and neonatal death.